> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://plivo.com/docs/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Taxes

> Tax charges, exemptions, and regulatory fees on your Plivo account

Frequently asked questions about taxes, surcharges, and regulatory fees on Plivo invoices.

<Note>
  **Regional tax applicability:**

  * **United States:** The taxes and fees described below (Sales Tax, Telecom Tax, CCRF, Carrier Surcharges) apply to businesses registered in the US, identified by billing address.
  * **India:** GST of 18% is applicable on all spends. See [India taxes](#what-taxes-apply-for-india-based-accounts) for details.
</Note>

***

## What additional charges may appear on my invoice?

Your invoice may include additional charges based on service type and location:

| Charge                 | Description                                                                           |
| ---------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Sales Tax**          | State and local taxes based on service address                                        |
| **Telecom Tax**        | Telecommunications-specific taxes                                                     |
| **CCRF**               | Carrier Cost Recovery Fee — fixed percentage on US voice, numbers, and Zentrunk usage |
| **Regulatory Fees**    | Federal communications program contributions                                          |
| **Carrier Surcharges** | Fees imposed by US/Canadian carriers on SMS/MMS traffic                               |

***

## What is the Carrier Cost Recovery Fee (CCRF)?

CCRF is a pass-through mechanism for recovering federal regulatory costs, including:

* Universal Service Fund contributions
* Other telecommunications fees

This charge applies exclusively to US-originating or US-terminating calls.

***

## What are carrier surcharges on messaging?

US and Canadian carriers levy surcharges on SMS and MMS communications. These fees vary depending on:

* Mobile carrier
* Message type (SMS vs MMS)
* Number type (long code, toll-free, or short code)

***

## How are taxes calculated?

Plivo determines applicable taxes using your billing address, including:

* State and local sales taxes
* Telecom taxes
* Jurisdiction-specific charges

Update your billing address in **Account Settings** for accurate assessment.

***

## Why does Plivo charge taxes?

Where Plivo has sufficient presence in a state, locality, or jurisdiction, we are required to collect applicable taxes and remit them to appropriate authorities.

Sales tax functions as an indirect tax at the point of transaction — although Plivo pays initially, customers ultimately bear the burden per applicable law.

***

## What taxes apply for India-based accounts?

| Tax Type  | Details                             |
| --------- | ----------------------------------- |
| **GST**   | 18% charged on all invoiced amounts |
| **GSTIN** | Required in account profile         |

Supply your GST registration details through the Console for proper account configuration.

***

## Related Resources

* [Payments](/faq/billing-and-invoices/payments)
* [Invoices](/faq/billing-and-invoices/invoices)
* [Contact Support](https://support.plivo.com)